Neural Tube defects
The stem cells on the dorsal side will close to form the neural tube. This defect is resultant when the neural tube fails to close. There are many defects, the most common ones are exposed brain and spinal cord. An example of open NTDs is the anencephaly, where the brain and spinal cord are completely absent.
Closed NTDs are very rare. There are a few of examples of closed NTDs such as tethered spinal cord syndrome, it is when the spinal cord floats freely within the canal of the backbone. It can shrink and stretch and do a somersault which can’t be good.
